Dec. 7, 2024
Old Testament: Morality Tale?
A Look at how some read and preach the Old Testament like it’s a morality tale?
A Look at how some read and preach the Old Testament like it’s a morality tale?
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Looking at our world from a theological perspective. This is
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the Theology Central podcast, making Theology Central. Good afternoon, good
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early evening everyone. It is Friday, December sixth, twenty twenty four.
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It is currently five point thirty seven pm Central Time,
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and I am coming to you live from the Theology
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Central studio located right here in Abilene, Texas. Now, if
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you listen to a lot of sermons, I will argue
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that over and over again. When it comes to historical
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narratives in the Bible, I say, you find us mainly
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and well, I don't say mainly, you find it a
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lot in the Old Testament. Any of the historical narratives
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in the Old Testament, I think people I think they
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do the same thing with some of the Gospels and
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the Book of Acts. But wherever you have something written
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as a narrative in any way, shape or form, I
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say a time and time again, I think this is
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fairly common. I don't think anyone could argue with me
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too much. I think pastors have a tendency to take
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parts of the Old Testament, parts of the New Testament,
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anything that's more like in a narrative format, and they
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will preach it and they will teach it as if
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it's a morality tell, a morality tell. And I'm going
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to challenge that approach to preaching and to Bible interpretation,
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because I don't believe the Bible was written to serve
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as a morality tale. I think when we approach that,
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we handle the text that way, approach it that way,
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read it that way, I think we do great damage
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to actually a true understanding of scripture. That's going to
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be my hypotheses. The Bible should not be read as
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a morality tale. It should not be preached as a
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morality tell. I will argue that most kids who grow
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up in church and go to Sunday school, Sunday school class,
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after Sunday school class, after Sunday school class, are Bible
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stories taught as morality tales, which then absolutely destroys those
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kids' ability to ever truly understand the Bible. I will
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say that in most cases, the children's ministries and most
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churches are actually hurtful and damaging the children's ability to
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understand the scriptures as they get older. I think if
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you take most kids who are raised in the church
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and ask them about Christianity and ask them about the Bible.
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They will start talking about the Bible as a morality tale.
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They'll start talking about Christianity as basically just moralism, as
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just a system of morality. Do this, don't do this,
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do this, don't do this, This is bad, this is good,
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don't do this, don't say that. And it's all about
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does and don't. It's morality, morality, morality, and every Bible
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story is just a morality tell. And I think that
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that's actually destructive. I think that that's actually counterproductive to
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having people form the ability or to develop the ability
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to actually read and study the Bible. Now, I know
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immediately I'm gonna get some pushback on this, but I
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think it's a problem now for those who don't know
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it and know a good definition of what a morality
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tell is. Let me explain. A morality tell is a
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story that conveys a moral message or lesson, often by
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illustrating the consequences of good and bad behavior. Morality tales
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are characterized by simple plots and relatable characters. Morality tells
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use these to make complex ideas accessible and memorable. Typically,
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within a morality tell, not only do you have simple
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plots and relatable characters, you have a protagonist with a
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moral compass. The protagonist is either seeking redemption or wants
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to silence their inner conscience. Number three, you have a
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focus on the consequences of choices. The story focuses on
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the choices to act on behalf of ourselves or others,
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and the consequences of that choice. Now, I will think
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that as soon as you start hearing that definition, many
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of you are going to be like, well, the Bible
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is one big morality tell because we have these stories
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that have simple plots, relatable characters. Right, they take maybe
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these big philological ideas, but they make them more accessible
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and rememorable. I mean pastors do that all the time.
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There's some philological point or point they want to make
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and that they're teaching from the New Testament. They'll go
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to the Old Testament. Take one of the stories to
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then make the story quote unquote accessible or memorable. Take
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to take the philological idea and make it accessible and
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memorable by using an Old Testament story. So many would
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be like, well, this describes the Bible. It has a
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protagonist with a moral compass. See, people will go to
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the Bible. Oh, here's our protagonists, here's the good guy
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in the story. It's David, it's this man, it's this man,
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it's Abraham, it's Moses. Right, And so then we teach
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this morality tell using this character. The story focus. The
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stories focus on the consequences of the choices. The story
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focuses on the choices to act on behalf of ourselves
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or others, and the consequences of that choice. So they're like, hey,
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this person had this choice to make. Here's the choice
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they made. And so you can see that, at least
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to one level. You could say, well, the Bible is
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a morality tell, But I think that's us reading. We've
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been so brought up on morality details that we just
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read the Bible in that way, And I don't know
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if that's the right way to read the stories. Morality
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tells were commonly used in early forms of information dissemination
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to teach values in ethics. They have remained a strong
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influence in literature, inspiring modern works. Yeah, it has been
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a major influence on literature, and I will argue it's
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been a major influence within christiendom. Sunday school teachers just
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want to turn Sunday school into a morality tale. Moralism moralism,
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and I don't know if that's the correct way to
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understand the Bible. Now we have been talking about now
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for a number of hours. First Samuel chapter twenty six.
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Right we started reviewing a sermon. We didn't make it
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all the way through it. And remember this pastor took
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First Samuel twenty six, which is a story of Saul
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hunting down David. He wants to destroy David. He wants
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to kill David. He has about three thousand men with
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him and they find a place to camp, right, they
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need a place to camp, so they're camping out. David
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finds out that Saul is coming into the wilderness after him.
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He sends some spies. They figure out, oh, that's where
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Saul is camping out. David takes someone. They go into
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the camp. All the men are asleep. David just walks
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into the camp. They're all sleeping, three thousand men. Saul's
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a commander is there, Saul is there. David walks in
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and he finds Saul sleeping with the spear right there
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next to his head. And David has a choice. The
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person with David is like, hey, just take that spear,
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kill Saul. And this is over all of this dramas over.
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This man's been hunting you, trying to kill you. You
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could end it. You could solve all your problems right now.
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And David doesn't do it. And so the sermon that
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we heard turned this into a hypothetical. Hey, what would
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you do if you're facing a situation where you could
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end all of your problems but you would have to
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sin to do so. And it turns it basically into
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a morality tale. David is the good guy. David didn't
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do it. We need to be like David, And it
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was basically preached that way. Well, there were all kinds
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of problems with the message, and we've taken them apart.
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But one of the issues is when I read it,
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I think it's a morality tale. I think it's a
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morality tale. So I wanted to see if I was correct.
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And so what I did as I took the sermon,
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found the text file of the sermon, and I gave
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it to AI, and I asked AI to examine the
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sermon and tell me if this is an example of
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taking an old testament, a historical narrative and turning it
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into a morality tale. This is what AI said, Yes,
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the sermon in the attached file is an example of
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taking an Old Testament historical narrative and turning it into
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a morality tell. While this approach may be engaging and
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may provide practical application, it comes with a significant textual, logical,
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and philological problem or problems plural. So AI is like, yeah,
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a lot of this. This may be engaging, but guess
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what it's gonna It's gonna cause problems logically, philologically, it's
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gonna cause problems. What are the problems? Uh uh? Textual problems, Textual, logical,
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and thiological problems. When you approach the text as a
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morality tell, you create these problems. But most people in
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the church has no idea that these problems are occurring
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because they were especially if they were raised in the church.
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They just think the Bible's one morality, big morality tell Anyway,
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So I said, Okay, we need to criticize this, we
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need to analyze this, we need to see how this
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is a problem. So let's start with the text textual problems. Right,
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So we have first Samuel twenty six. We have this
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story of Saul trying to kill David. Saul finds a
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place to camp David goes in, finds Saul sleeping there.
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He could take the spear, he could kill him. God
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is the one who put them all to sleep, which
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raises all kinds of questions. And then David doesn't do so,
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and he rides off and he's the hero because he
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didn't do this. Okay, great, Now what can we learn
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from it? We turn it into a morality tale. Well,
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if we do this from a textual perspective, the first
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thing we tend to do is we tend to ignore
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the historical context. So when we go to these stories
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and turn them into morality tales, we have a tendency
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to ignore the historical context. Now, some pastors will mention
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the historical context, but ultimately they ignore it to create
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their morality tell You see, the Old Testament historical narratives
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like First Samuel twenty six are rooted in specific cultural,
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covenantal and redemptive context. So you turn it into a
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morality tale, you basically then ignore the cultural as how
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it relates to the covenant or covenants and its redemptive context.
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You see, when you turn the narrative into a general
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moral lesson, the sermon risks stripping the story of its
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historical and philological uniqueness. You destroy what the text is
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actually about. For example, David's refusal to harm Saul is
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tied to Saul's unique role as God's anointed king in Israel.
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There's a specific reason David doesn't do so. There's a
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very specific reason. This is God's anointed. Well, does the
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Old Testament have something that could possibly happen to David
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if he harms God's anointed? If he kills God's anointed?
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Could there have been consequences that David could face. We
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turn it into oh, Dave, it was just such a
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great guy. Was he a great guy? Or is he
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thought hmm? If I kill the Lord's anointed? What does
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that mean for me my future? Could I am I
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going to be king? I mean, nobody wants to talk
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about that, because see, that takes the the motive of
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David and turns it into maybe more questionable. See if
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we apply this directly to modern moral dilemmas fails to
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consider the specificity of the situation. See we forget, Well
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wait a minute, what so is David just like well,
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all authority is appointed by God, Therefore I can't do anything?
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Or is he thinking hmm? The Bible may seem to
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make it very clear if I touch the Lord's anointed
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or if I kill the Lord's anointed, there could be problems.
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It is his. We liked it. We love to make
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Bible characters very one dimensional good guy, bad guy, good
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good motives, bad motives, and instead of seeing them as
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complex human beings with all kinds of different motivations, so
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we ignore the historical context. Another thing we do is
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we kind of start cherry picking details. Do we not see?
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Morality tells focus on select details of the story while
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ignoring or minimizing others. For example, the sermon that we
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reviewed emphasizes David's restraint and sparing Saul, but does not
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account for David's failures in First Samuel twenty seven, which
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immediately follow and complicate the narrative. And First Samuel twenty seven,
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David's out there killing people. Oh, he would not kill Saul,
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but he's got no problem killing these other people. Hm,
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why see see a morality tail is not going to
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try to figure out that? Why? Well, we'll just yeah, no.
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When we preach for Samuel twenty seven, we're not now
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David's being bad. See now be like David in twenty six,
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but don't be like David in twenty seven. But wait
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a minute, why is David so so it seems he
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has no problem killing these people in twenty seven, but
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he can't kill Saul. That seems to indicate maybe there's
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something to his motivation here. I'm not saying there is.
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I'm not saying there isn't. I'm saying that. Then a
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good sermon would be like, so, why do we think
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do we have any anything in the Bible that David
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may have been aware of that made him go, I
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can't kill Saul? And it would have been for more
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maybe selfish reasons than godly reasons, because he has no
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problem killing people in twenty seven. Yes. No, Now see
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when we do this, right, when we cherry pick details,
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this selective focus distorts the fuller picture of David's character,
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in God's work, in his life, you begin to actually,
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you begin to just destroy the actual picture that's being painted.
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So when we turn the Bible into a moralitytail, we
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end up with textual problems. And the first thing we
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do is we ignore the historical context. And the second thing,
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we cherry pick details, which actually destroys what the text
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is actually say. Another thing I think we do when
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we turn it into our morality detail is I think
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we neglect the narrative's purpose. Now I think this is
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I think this is a key hermeneutical issue. Before you
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ever debate with anyone about some verses in the Bible,
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whenever you start, you know someone wants to argue and
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