Aug. 22, 2024
Charles Finney: The Atonement
We look at the teaching of Charles Finney on the atonement.
We look at the teaching of Charles Finney on the atonement.
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Looking at our world from a theological perspective. This is
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the Theology Central podcast making Theology Central. Good morning everyone.
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It is Thursday, August the twenty second, twenty twenty four.
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It is currently ten twenty three am Central Time, and
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I am coming to you live from the Theology Central
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studio located right here in Abilene, Texas. Now, the gold
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today was to turn on this microphone, go live and
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finish up our look at this article and the Sort
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of the Lord newspaper. Remember the June to seventh, twenty
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twenty four edition of the Sort of the Lord newspaper
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had an article entitled the Holy Spirit and Revival. And
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we have one small section to go, one small section.
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I probably could knock it out in fifteen to twenty minutes,
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maybe twenty five minutes if we do just kind of
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a you know, if I add some thoughts or kind
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of summarize, you know, there's not much there. I could
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really finish it in a relatively short amount of time.
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But it's the final section. Now, the sermon itself, this
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this article, it's a printed sermon, has been somewhat frustrating,
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but it has given us the opportunity to discuss some
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very important points about the Book of Acts, how people,
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you know, twist and misuse and just kind of pick
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whatever they want from the Book of Acts without considering context.
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And we talked about that. We discussed just there. There
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are a lot of the concepts about revival. I really
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struggle with a lot of the way a lot of
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Christians talk about it. And while we were looking at
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this article and the sort of the Lord newspaper about revival, remember,
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I came across a message a broadcast on the Sermon's
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two point zero app entitled how the Heresy of Charles
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Finny shaped America? How the Heresy of Charles Finny shaped America?
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And the broadcasters Reformation Baptist Church. I told everyone to
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go listen to the rest of it, How the heresy
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of Charles Finni shaped America, Reformation Baptist Church. And we
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did a little discussion about Charles Finnie, right, I went
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a little bit through his history. And the most important
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thing to understand is that how most Christians today talk
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about revival. How I can't say most how many Christians
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today talk about revival, It is more influenced by Charles
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Finny than it is scripture. Charles Finny has absolutely influenced
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the minds of many Christians from many different theilological backgrounds.
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When they discuss revival, it's coming from Charles Finnie, and
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Charles Finny had very heretical teachings. Now, when we were
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reviewing this audio, do you remember how it started? Do
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you remember or how it started? You don't? Okay, well,
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I'm gonna play how this broadcast? Remember it was entitled
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how the Heresy of Charles Finnish shaped America by Reformation
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Baptist Church. You can find it on the sermon's two
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point oh app Please go listen to it, Please download it,
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please listen to all of it. All right, but do
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you remember how it started? It started in such a
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way that made me immediately go whoa wait, wait, wait,
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time out. Let's be careful here, Let's check a few things.
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Do you remember? All right? Well, let me let me
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play it. Here is what they said. This is how
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they started their broadcast.
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Tolls finnya is in hell. So why do so many
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churches continue to use his techniques?
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Did you hear that? Do you mean to play that
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one more time? Let me play that one more time?
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You ready? Here we go?
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Tolls finnya is in Hell, So why do so many
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churches continue to use his techniques.
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They come in with both beryls blazing, Charles Finny is
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in Hell. They made an absolute, dogmatic assertion. I tried
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to be a little careful. I was like, well, we
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do know Charles Finny believed this. We do know he
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believed in the Trinity, he believed in the deity of Christ,
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he believed in in the necessity of Christ for atonement.
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All right, So so I kind of tried to say, well, look,
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we can say his teachings were heretical. Absolutely, his teachings
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were wrong. Absolutely, his teaching has influenced a good portion
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of Christianity even today, and that influence is wrong. It's corrupt,
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and churches should reject everything from Charles Finny. I can
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agree with all of that. But I was a little
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hesitant about in Hell. I was really, I was. I was.
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I was very I was very concerned about going that far.
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But as always, whenever I hear something, even if I
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immediately reject it, you know, I'm going to continue to
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study it. You know I'm going to continue. I will
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even even though I may be at the outset one
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hundred percent disagree, and I may have to remember when
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I do reviews, I don't listen to things first, right,
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I'm reviewing and you know, reacting in real time. There.
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I love that because it makes it very real, very organic.
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It's not overly produced. It's it's just a person listening
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to sermons talking to you about them. But I have
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to react. So sometimes I may react and kind of
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push back, and then I have to just rely on
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the spot my knowledge of whatever the subject is. They're
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talking about church history, theology, interpreting a text, So I mean,
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there's a lot going on in the middle of a
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live broadcast when we're doing one of these reviews. But
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please note, and hopefully if you've been listening to me
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for any length of time, you everyone should know this.
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I may argue against you, i may disagree with you,
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but I'm always going to go back and continue to
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study because I always take my past conclusions and throw
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them aside for a present study. Because if my past
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conclusions were wrong, well then I don't want to be
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wrong in the present. So I always challenged myself again.
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So here I was kind of like, well, it's Charles
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Finny in Hell, So I kept reading and kept looking,
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and I saw something about Charles Finnie rejecting substitutionary atonement.
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Now I remember, it's been I don't even know how
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many years, maybe fifteen, twenty, maybe even twenty five years.
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It's been a long time because I kept hearing people
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talk about Finny, Finny Finny, and I did a lot
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of initial study at that time, and I came to
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a conclusion that Finny was a heretic. I mean, I
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definitely I may have even been more condemning than I
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am today, because I just always get nervous when we
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just say that person is in hell, because who are
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we to make that judgment? Now we can judge the teaching,
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we can critique the teaching, and obviously, if they reject
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the deity of Christ, reject the try you and God.
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Where you're rejecting the true God, if you're rejecting salvation
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by grace alone, through faith alone, if you're we can
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I mean, there's some philological tests that we know we
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can look to. So I maybe in the past I
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came to the same conclusion, but I just I try
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to be very careful about claiming someone is in hell.
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I think we should always be careful but today I
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saw something about Charles Finni rejecting substitutionary atonement, and I'm like, well,
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wait a minute. So I've read some things so about
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his belief in atonement, and now I've read other things.
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So what is the possible truth about Finny on substitutionary atonement?
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Because I think maybe we could get closer to well,
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what was the reality of Charles Finney's salvation? Can we
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even know? Well? So I did a little research, and
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here's what I have found. Now we need to continue
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to do research. Don't take this as you know, continue
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to do your own. But here is what I found.
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All right, here is what I found. Are you ready?
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Here we go? Here we go. First paragraph. Charles Finny
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rejected the traditional doctrine of substitutionary atonement, which is the
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belief that Jesus Christ died as a substitute for sinners,
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bearing the punishment that they deserved, thereby satisfying God's justice.
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This doctrine is central to Orthodox Christian theology, particular and
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particularly and Reformed and Evangelical traditions. I would say it, Look,
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if you reject substitutionary atonement, I just that's not Christianity.
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You may want to claim Christianity, but that's not Christianity.
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If you reject substitutionary atonement, you no, you should not
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be considered a Christian. You're creating a new religion.
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I mean.
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Christianity is about the fact that God is holy, and
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that we are sinners, and that we cannot save ourselves.
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We are helpless, hopeless, there's nothing we can do. God
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sent his son, His son keeps the law on our
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behalf because we cannot keep it, saved or unsaved, and
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then he goes to the cross. Then my sins, my
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law breaking, my corruption is imputed or accredited, is placed
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upon Christ, and a sense it's imputed to him. God
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pours out his wrath on his son. Christ serves as
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a propitiation, satisfying that wrath. And then by my putting
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my faith in Him, my sins are paid for, My
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sins are forgiven. And then as my sin was imputed
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to Christ, his obedience and righteousness is imputed to me.
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And then I stand perfect, righteous and holy. I stand
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as a new creature in Christ Jesus, not in practice.
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This is because I'm saved by an imputed righteousness, not
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an infused righteousness, but he is my substitution. He's my substitution.
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He provides atonement, He's he's the substitution, substitutionary atonement for sinners.
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That's like central to Christianity. If you don't have that,
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you don't have Christianity, you have something else. And according
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to this Finny rejected that traditional doctrine. Well, if he
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rejected that traditional doctrine, ladies and gentlemen, remember when I
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kind of give a pushback on that where it says
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Charles Finney is in hell. They may have been one
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hundred percent right. Let's read a little bit more about this.
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Here's Finny's view of the atonement. According to one source,
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Charles Finny taught what is known as the moral government
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theory of atonement, the moral government theory of atonement. Now
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you may be asking what is the moral government theory.
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Finny subscribed to what is known as the moral government
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theory of the atonement. According to this view, the atonement
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was not about Christ's substitution, substituting himself for sinners and
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bearing the punishment. Instead, it was about God demonstrating his
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displeasure with sin and upholding the moral order of the universe.
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The death of Christ served as a public demonstration or
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moral example deter sin and encourage righteousness, rather than a
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payment of debt ode to God. I want you to
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hear that again. Is this now? This is completely not orthodox,
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This is completely heretical. And this to me puts Finny
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outside of Christianity, meaning he wasn't a Christian. Therefore, I
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think it would be possibly fair to say, if Christianity
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is true, Charles Finny is in hell. And I think
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it also demonstrates every church utilizing the techniques and the
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philosophies and the ideas about revival that came from Charles
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FINNI you're using your ideas of revival that came from
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a lost person. And I was recommended Charles Finny and
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told about Finny countless times whenever they would talk about revivals.
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All right, so let's let's read this again. I want
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to make sure you have this down today. I want you,
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I want you to I want you to do your
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own research on this. All right, here we go. Finny
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subscribed to what is known as the moral government theory
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of the Atonement. According to this view, the Atonement was
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not about Christ substituting himself for sinners and bearing their punishment. Instead,
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it was about God demonstrating his displeasure with sin and
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upholding the moral order of the universe the death of Christ.
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According to the moral government theory, the death of Christ
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served as a public demonstration or moral example to deter
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sin and encourage righteousness, rather than a payment of debt
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owed to God. Basically, Christ's death was simply a moral example.
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He wasn't paying for sin. It was just a moral example,
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so it would deter you from sin and cause you
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to pursue righteousness. That is literally not Christianity. Finny argued
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that the idea of penal substitution, where Christ suffers the
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exact punishment that sinners deserved, was inconsistent with the nature
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of God's justice. He believed it portrayed God as unjust, because,
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in his view, it would be unjust for God to
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punish the innocent Christ instead of the guilty. Finny contended
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that God's justice couldnot require the punishment of sin. God
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could not require the punishment of sin if the sinner
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repents and reforms, So as long as the sinner repents
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and reforms doesn't need a payment, well, no, we need
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a payment, because even if I repent and even if
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I reform, Well, that's because see, then you could go
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to Finny rejecting original I guess we'll call it original
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sin or human depravity. He held to a Pallagian view.
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So yeah, so he rejects human depravity, he rejects substitutionary atonement,
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he rejects penal substitution. Finny was not a Christian, he
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goes on to say. For Finny, the atonement was effective
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not because it satisfied God's wrath, but because it provided
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a moral influence on humanity. Christ's suffering and death served
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as an example that revealed the seriousness of sin and
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the links to which God would go to maintain moral order.
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It was meant to inspire people to repent and live righteously,
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rather than appeasing God's anger. See, Jesus didn't die to
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satisfy the wrath of God. He didn't propitiate the wrath
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of God. He didn't pay for anything. He simply died
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to be an example. So that will like, sin is
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really bad and we should be good. And Finney's view
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and Finney's view, the atonement made salvation possible, but did
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not guarantee it for anyone. He emphasized that individuals must repent,
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exercise faith, and lead a holy life in order to
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benefit from the Christ's atoning work. This contrast with the
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traditional view, where the atonatus sin is an accomplished fact
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that directly results in the salvation of those who have
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faith in Christ. Finney's rejection of substitutionary atonement was part
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of his broader departure from traditional reform theology. His views
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